Federal Tax Identification Number: 81-0596847. During this time she suffered a spiritual crisis, but she had a vision of the Real Presence in the Eucharist that brought her consolation. In 1455 the Franciscans and the governors of Bologna requested that she become abbess of a new convent, which was to be established under the name of Corpus Domini in Bologna. inspirational to young men On another occasion, she was overcome by a deep and persistent sleepiness during Mass. And walking hand in hand with the Lord, she walked on the right path and found the way of light.". Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Catherine tried, indeed, to be excused, explaining that she was entirely incapable of this task; but she was compelled by obedience to accept it. WebCatherine began to have visions of Christ and Satan, and wrote her experiences down. Catherine willingly served in humble roles at the convent, including laundress, baker, and animal caretaker. [2] The treatise was circulated in manuscript form through a network of Poor Clare convents. Catherine represents the rare phenomenon of a 15th-century nunan artist whose artworks are preserved in her personal breviary. She was a model of piety and reported experiencing miracles and several visions of Christ, the Virgin Mary, Thomas Becket, and Joseph, as well as future events, such as the fall of Constantinople in 1453. To their amazement, her body which had lost none of its suppleness, rigor mortise never having set in, became stiff, and the nuns could not place her in the chair. We have loved her since 1977, the first time we brought our grandson, all of ten years old, to Europe with us. She had entered the community two years before, and on account of her innocence, she recognized and admired the virtues of the abbess. Of noble birth, Catherine was educated at the Este court at Ferrara and entered the order in 1432. But 14 days after her burial her sisters decided to exhume her body, as a sweet scent emanated from her tomb. WebOf noble birth, Catherine was educated at the Este court at Ferrara and entered the order in 1432. As a Poor Clare she mastered the Franciscan virtues by taking care of animals and plants, engaging in a simple and communal lifestyle where laundry and cooking were shared by all members of the order. Then she became Superioress of a new school in Bologna. The Saint remained in prayer for some time, after which he lay down and went into a deep sleep. Entries can include saints known for their artistic talents or other favorite saints. If you donate just $5.00, the price of your coffee, Catholic Online School could keep thriving. *from: The Franciscan Book of Saints, ed. WebSt. Catherine is pointing her finger upward as she explains that there is only one God. [14] The breviary and its images surely served a didactic function within the convent community. http://www.traditioninaction.org/SOD/j103sdCatherineAlexandria11-25.htm Perhaps partly thanks to such a secluded life, she proved an incredibly prolific artist, writer and philosopher, leaving behind many important pieces of work in her 49 years of life on earth. Soon, the women decided to join an order of nuns called the Poor Clares. The virginal lips of the nun touched the face of the Child, who, in response to the love of his spouse, also gave her a kiss. WebCatherine was to be canonized by Pope Clement XI on 22 May 1712. Contemplating the life of this holy abbess invites us, before all else, to an attitude of deep gratitude for the divine affection that descends upon each one of us. Saint Catherine of Bologna, original name Caterina Vigri, (born Sept. 8, 1413, Bologna, Papal States [Italy]died March 9, 1463, Bologna; canonized 1712; feast day May 9), Italian mystic and writer whose spiritual writings were popular in Italy until the end of the 18th century. WebClare is known as a patron of artists, probably because she worked as a manuscript illustrator. Entrust your prayer intentions to our network of monasteries. Her self-taught style incorporated motifs from needlework and devotional prints. The superior of the time did not think twice and ordered St. Catherine to assume a sitting position, a command which the corpse obeyed without hesitation. She was only thirteen when, after the death of her father, she felt drawn to the religious life and joined a community formed by a group of noblewomen of the city. Your gift is tax-deductible as allowed by law. As St. Catherines illness continued to worsen, she received the last Sacraments. Catherine, then 14, joined a group of Franciscan tertiaries in Ferrara who later adopted the Rule of St. Clare. Once when she was again heroically struggling against it during the holy Mass, God Almighty permitted her to hear the angelic choir singing after the elevation. What Do All Saints Day and Halloween Have in Common? [12] She meditated while she copied the scriptural text, adding about 1000 prayer rubrics, and drew initials with bust-portraits of saints, paying special attention to images of Clare and Francis. That means it has not decayed. Crossing of the Red Sea; Moses Changing Aarons Rod into a Snake; Moses Saved from the River; Moses And how is it that she has remained seated there for so many years? She denounced the Emperor Maxentius in person for his persecution of the Christians, and when 50 pagan philosophers were converted by her arguments, he had them burned to death. She was conducted to the place of her martyrdom followed by several women who wept at her fate. Pomata, Gianna. Fortunati, Vera, Jordano Pomeroy & Claudio Strinati. When she refused the bribe of a royal marriage, he ordered her lashed and had her imprisoned. She wished to offer a thousand Hail Marys in honour of the Mother of God. As companion to Margaret d'Este she was educated at the ducal court until Margaret's marriage. So extraordinary was their music that Catherine feared that her soul would leave her body at that moment. She was stricken with a very high fever, chest pains and an excruciating headache, as well as haemorrhaging. St. Catherine was born in Alexandria of a patrician family. Location: Capitoline Museum, Rome little known incorrupt saint In another version of the painting, right before St. Catherine was to be beheaded, we see a devout woman kneeling before God with her hands in the position of one who is praying. Born into an aristocratic family in the city of Ferrara, northern Italy, she was educated in the artsshe particularly excelled at the viola and miniature paintingand selected to become an official companion to the daughter of the local Marquis of Ferrara at age 11. Her most famous work is probably the Seven Spiritual Weapons Necessary for Spiritual Warfare, written in 1438 and continuously re-drafted until her death in 1463. She also served as a caretaker for the animals. While they were unable to account for this, Catherine, knowing the source of all good from whom this miraculous event proceeded, began to give out the wine openly and unstintingly to all the poor people she knew, but even then the cask showed no signs of drying up or the wine of losing its flavor. Practical Practice of Fasting with Fr Dwight Longenecker, 10 important things to consider during Lent, The Happy Priest on Lent, Happiness and the Call to Selfless Love, Daily Readings for Wednesday, March 01, 2023, St. David: Saint of the Day for Wednesday, March 01, 2023, Lenten Prayer: Prayer of the Day for Monday, February 27, 2023. She then spoke her last words to her spiritual daughters and gave them the book The Seven Spiritual Weapons, which until then had not been divulged. Part of this book describes at length her visions both of God and of Satan. It's FREE! WebSt. [16] Recently one scholar has tried to question certain attributions. It's a little awkward to ask, but we need your help. A contemporary Poor Clare, Sister Illuminata Bembo, wrote her biography in 1469. "La leggenda della monaca artista: Caterina Vigri", Saint Catherine of Bologna Parish, Ringwood, New Jersey, Sanctuary of Corpus Domini, Bologna, Italy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Catherine_of_Bologna&oldid=1141787921, 15th-century Italian Roman Catholic religious sisters and nuns, Christian female saints of the Middle Ages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Casting off comfortable courtly life with ready love and obedience, Catherine found great joy in performing humble duties of daily laundry and the baking of convent bread. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In one instance, she had the baby Jesus placed in her arms by the Blessed Virgin Mary. In the year 1475, it was decided that her remains would be placed in a side chapel of the church belonging to the monastery. All materials contained on this site, whether written, audible or visual are the exclusive property of Catholic Online and are protected under U.S. and International copyright laws, Copyright 2022 Catholic Online. The ecclesiastical and civil authorities, as well as the people, received the foundresses of the new convent with great deference. There, she served as an abbess until. She was declared a doctor of the church in 1970 and a patron saint of Europe in 1999. It was later translated in French and Italian, thus helping to spread late-medieval vernacular mysticism in the early modern period. So be it!. When she returned to remove the bread, which many sisters imagined would be completely charred, she found it baked to perfection. To all our readers, Please don't scroll past this. as an ebook download. WebOf noble birth, Catherine was educated at the Este court at Ferrara and entered the order in 1432. Forgive the faults I committed in ignorance and wash my soul in the blood I will shed for Thee. She, like us, suffered temptations, she suffered the temptations of disbelief, of sensuality, of a difficult spiritual struggle. We can surely follow her example of what it means to live a godly life. In this state, almost in agony, the abbess fell into an ecstasy and had a vision: she found herself in an wonderful garden, adorned with many beautiful flowers. In the middle of the last century, a glass casing was added to protect her. In one instance, she had the baby Jesus placed in her arms by the Blessed Virgin Mary. She is a patron saint of artists. She was the daughter of John de Vigri and Benvenuta Mammolini. Her most remarkable vision was on Christmas Eve, when she claimed that Mary appeared to her with baby Jesus, and that Mary even let Catherine hold him. She struggled with herself to resist the somnolence, and implored divine help. It was eventually relocated to a chapel where it remains on display, dressed in her religious habit, seated upright behind glass. In 1456 she founded in Bologna a convent of Poor Clares, serving as abbess until her death. Soon, the women decided to join an order of nuns called the Poor Clares. Omissions? Throughout her life Catherine claimed to have visions and revelations. As companion to Margaret d'Este she was educated at the ducal court until Margaret's marriage. trans. In 1456, Catherine returned to Bologna with her superiors and the governors there requested she found a second monastery of the same Order and be the Abbess of the convent. There, she served as an abbess until her death at age 49 in 1463, when she reportedly passed away while playing the viola. On his return home from a camp inspection, he found that his wife, an officer, and 200 soldiers had been converted. As a sister, Catherine did her part for the community by performing more mundane tasks: laundry, baking and other housework. Catherine was buried in the convent graveyard, but after eighteen days, a sweet smell emanated from the grave and the incorrupt body was exhumed. Through her efforts with Pope Nicholas V, the Poor Clare convent at Ferrara erected an enclosure, and Catherine was appointed Superioress. Soon, the women decided to join an order of nuns called the Poor Clares. [3] During this time, she received some education in reading, writing, music, playing the viola, and had access to illuminated manuscripts in the d'Este Court library.[4]. Expert She accepted the offer and, together with 12 nuns from her home monastery of Ferrara, she helped found the Corpus Domini monastery in Bologna. WebFrom Visionaries, Mystics and Stigmatists Perhaps, one of the greatest Miracles is the in-corrupt body of our Saint, seated on a regal throne in a Chapel to the left of the main altar in the Church of Corpus Domini in Bologna. We're not salespeople, but we depend on donations averaging $14.76 and fewer than 1% of readers give. Her father, John of Vigri, was a relative of the marquis of Este, who resided in Ferrara. She was not in a position to return to the bakery until five hours later, and certainly believed that everything had been burned by that time. She endeavored, above all, to impress on their young hearts that they should desire nothing but the honor of God and the fulfillment of His holy will, and so she recommended that they look upon the holy rule and obedience to their superiors as their guides. Soon, the women decided to join an order of nuns called the Poor Clares. http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/prospero-fontana/ Kings, clergy and common people have knelt before her, filled with wonder at being able to venerate her up close. Submitted On March 20, 2010, From Visionaries, Mystics and Stigmatists. But near the city centre, one is sure to come upon a tiny and charming chapel, where the abbess of the Corpus Domini Monastery has sat for over five centuries. She was the member of an aristocratic family and the daughter of a diplomat to the Marquis of Ferrara. (Saint Catherine de Bologne). Catherine understood this teaching and from that time on followed it wholeheartedly. Miraculous cures began to occur at St Catherines gravesite, as even the incurable were instantly healed. He became the favored artist of the Pope and had the honor of receiving many important commissions. On one Christmas eve she had a vision of the Blessed Virgin, who placed the Infant Jesus in her arms. She was an important defender of the papacy and is a patron saint of Europe and of Italy. And, her painting of St. Ursula remains on display in a Venice gallery. As a mistress of novices, St. Catherine left behind an important treatise on the spiritual life which, centuries later, continues to be useful not only for religious, but for all those who aspire to walk the paths of perfection. St. Catherine immediately went to the injured religious and with utmost serenity joined the amputated member to her body, tracing the sign of the Cross over it. He inscribed her name in the Martyrology of Saints of the Roman Catholic Church. WebSt. She created beautiful illuminated manuscripts by painting small illustrations on the pages of prayer books and Bibles, which she also lettered and copied by hand. During her years in the palace, Catherine also discovered that God was calling her to a more simple and prayerful life. During the Lenten season of 1463, Catherine became seriously ill, and on March 9th she passed away. Copyright Aleteia SAS all rights reserved. She died in 1463 and was canonized in 1712. However, when she removed the loaves from the oven, they were nicer than ever. Catherine became a tertiary (member of a monastic third order who takes simple vows and may remain outside a convent or monastery) of the Dominican order (1363), joining the Sisters of Penitence of St. Dominic in Siena. She was the daughter of John de Vigri and Benvenuta Mammolini. Catholic Online is a Project of Your Catholic Voice Foundation, a Not-for-Profit Corporation. Together with St. Catherine was her widowed mother, who, being a Franciscan tertiary and infirm, was received by the sisters as a religious. WebIn St. Catherine of Bologna, Divine Providence deposited admirable gifts, among which stand out her docility in allowing herself to be loved by God. WebCatherine returned home and joined a group of young women who performed good works in Jesus name and spent time in prayer together every day. The Poor Clares lived in silence much of the time so that they could listen and talk to God in the quiet of their hearts without distractions. WebSaint Catherine of Bologna was charged with the duties of the bakery; she cheerfully undertook this laborious service, and even when the heat began to affect her eyes, she remained at her post as long as the abbess required it. Catherine was appointed as the abbess, or superior, of the order. She was buried in Bologna but soon after her burial, miracles began happening near her gravesite. St. Catherine then gave her the formula she had used: Jesus, Mary, Francis, Clare. Her mission failed, and she was virtually ignored by the pope, but while at Avignon she promoted her plans for a Crusade. Among her visual art production, a painting of St. Ursula, now held at Venices Galleria dellAccademia, particular stands out, as well as her own illuminated manuscript which was used by Pope Pius IX and is now preserved in Oxford, England. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. He worked with Perino del Vaga in Genoa for several years before he returned home. WebSt. All rights reserved. She went joyfully to the appointed place, exhorted all the people who had come to witness her death to abandon idolatry, prayed to God for their conversion, and then received the stroke that sent her soul to heaven. These nuns turned away from anything that kept them from focusing on God. Feast Day: March 9 Perhaps, one of the greatest Miracles is the in-corrupt body of our Saint, seated on a regal throne in a Chapel to the left of the main altar in the Church of Corpus Domini in Bologna. It was this disposition, accompanied with such devotion, that made it possible for her to so successfully use the outstanding human and spiritual talents with which she had been endowed for the benefit of souls. She went as an unofficial mediator to Avignon with her confessor and biographer Raymond of Capua. Some saints' images, interwoven with text and rubrics, display an idiosyncratic, inventive iconography also found in German nuns' artworks (nnnenarbeiten). "La Pedagogia dell'immagine nelle miniature e negli scritti di S. Caterina Vigri". In 1463, aged 49, she became gravely ill and died within a few months. She would live there for seven years, until her leave-taking from this earth. Saint Catherine of Bologna was charged with the duties of the bakery; she cheerfully undertook this laborious service, and even when the heat began to affect her eyes, she remained at her post as long as the abbess required it. She first join a local order of lay women who followed the Franciscan rules and later become part of the Poor Clares, a religious order founded by St. Clare and St. Francis of Assisi to allow nuns to lead a contemplative lifestyle. Yet in all these situations she was always holding the Lord's hand, she did not leave him, she did not abandon him. the holy Catholic knight Soon numerous miracles began to take place. At the age of nine, she went to live at the court of the Marquis of Ferrara, where she became the maid of honour of Princess Margherita dEste. WebClare is known as a patron of artists, probably because she worked as a manuscript illustrator. Find Your Educational Consultant Review Our Catalogs Search the SiteSEARCH Faith Formation Programs Christ Our LifeChrist Our Life Finding GodFinding God Sacramental PreparationSacramental Preparation Growing With GodGrowing with God She explained that although it took precious time, the purpose of her religious art was "to increase devotion for herself and others".[18]. But even after her death her sisters were to be made joyful through her. Her most remarkable vision was on Christmas Eve, when she claimed that Mary appeared to her with baby Jesus, and that Mary even let Catherine hold him. The beauty of her life and death encourages us to live in perfect charity as a Lenten goal. If Catholic Online has given you $5.00 worth of knowledge this year, take a minute to donate. masculine, Catholic character! Learn interesting facts and tidbits about the beloved St. Patrick. During that first period in Ferrara, she received many mystical graces, but she also had to endure many spiritual trials. WebCatherine returned home and joined a group of young women who performed good works in Jesus name and spent time in prayer together every day. Public Domain via Wikimedia. Sign up for our Premium service. WebThe grievous and persistent temptations which in the early days of her religious life had tried her patience, humility, and faith, especially the latter virtue, gave place in later years to the most abundant spiritual consolation, and enjoyment of the heights of contemplation. Catherine was openly willing to serve the more humble roles in the convent. The most distinguished suitors were compelled to withdraw without the least hope of obtaining her hand in marriage; she entertained no other desire than to be plighted forever to Jesus Christ, the spouse of her heart. Catherines writings, all of which were dictated, include about 380 letters, 26 prayers, and the 4 treatises of Il libro della divina dottrina, better known as The Dialogue (c. 1475; Eng. Catherine was born in 1413 in Bologna, Italy. But her humility did not stop her spiritual and creative genius. Return to Franciscan Calendar Page Return to Incorruptible Saints Page Return to Saints Page Return to Roman Catholic Saints Homepage WebThe Deliverance of St. Peter; The Healing of the Lame Man; The Dispute of St. Catherine; Miracle of the Black Sea; John Shipley. Saint Catherine was beatified in 1524 by Pope Clement VII and canonized on May 22, 1712 by Pope Clement XI. Then, repeating the sweet name of Jesus three times, she took flight to meet the Lamb. Catherine of Bologna was an Italian nun and artist born as Catherine de' Vigri on September 8, 1413, in Bologna, Italy. Bob Lord| Thank you. Copyright 2022 Catholic Online. At that time there lived in the monastery a twelve-year-old girl called Rose Magdalene. "Malpighi and the holy body: medical experts and miraculous evidence in seventeenth-century Italy", This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 20:17. WebCatherine returned home and joined a group of young women who performed good works in Jesus name and spent time in prayer together every day. Saint Catherine of Bologna spent most of her life as a cloistered nun in the convent of the Poor Clares of Bologna, in northern Italy. At Christmas 1445, St. Catherine of Bologna asked the superior for permission to spend that night in prayer. As reported by Loyola Press, Pope Benedict was particularly fond of this quiet saint: To visit the remains of St. Catherine of Bologna, enter the church of Corpus Domini (Via Tagliapietre, 21) and look for a small wooden door on the left. 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