D) usually greater than production efficiencies What percentage of visible light striking a plant is converted into chemical energy? Expert Answer. (A) Top-level predators are destined to have small populations that are sparsely distributed. What is the production efficiency of this owl? Animals b. Gross primary production (GPP) is the total rate at which material is . a. Protista b. Answer: Option 3) primary producer. This is because O primary producers are more efficient in their energy use than tertiary consumers. 42) Use the following figure to answer the question. Bacteria 3. atmosphere List, in order, the steps of the scientific method. II. A) recycle chemical elements directly back to primary consumers Nutrient export is ________. B) open ocean Found on soil and stones as well as some ferns and other plants, these poikilohydric plants are able to transition between active and resting phases depending on whether they are wet or dry. Food webs are typically arranged into trophic levels with: a. primary producers at the bottom, herbivores in the middle, and carnivores at the top. Terms in this set (78) The process by which energy derived from solar radiation is used by certain organisms to form organic matter is called: photosynthesis. Approximately how many kilograms (kg) of carnivore (secondary consumer) biomass can be supported by a field plot containing 1000 kg of plant material? Which of the following is not a primary producer? 60) Acid precipitation lowered the pH of soil in a terrestrial ecosystem that supported a diverse community of plants and animals. C) decrease in the amount of energy in a trophic level that is lost as it passes to the next higher level The community of detritivores, such as earthworms, millipedes, slugs, and pseudoscorpions, living in the leaf litter on the shady floor of a deciduous forest obtains its energy and nutrients primarily from. D) chlamydiae. (a) Bacteria (b) Plantae (c) Eukarya (d) Archaea. D) accidental introduction of a prolific culture of algae 58) The discipline that applies ecological principles to returning degraded ecosystems to a more natural state is known as ________. The oak tree is a primary producer. Complete this table relating the values of $E\degree_{cell}$ and $\Delta G\degree$ to K. E) atmosphere, Which of the following human activities is impacting the water cycle the LEAST? Primary production is the production of chemical energy in organic compounds by living organisms.The main source of this energy is sunlight but a minute fraction of primary production is driven by lithotrophic organisms using the chemical energy of inorganic molecules.. Primary producers reproduce rapidly. D) only II and III D) Eventually, the nutrients in soil organic matter are converted to inorganic form. 47) Use the following figure to answer the question. I. B) open ocean Which statement best describes what ultimately happens to the chemical energy that is NOT converted to new biomass in the process of energy transfer between trophic levels in anecosystem? Which of the following is primarily responsible for limiting the number of trophic levels in most ecosystems? It is a way of classifying animals, plants, and fungi that eat other organisms in order to survive. But an unlikely contributor makes their survival and, therefore, the entire rest of the food web's survival possible. The homogeneous thin plate has mass m=12kgm=12kgm=12 kgm=12 \mathrm{~kg}m=12kgm=12kg and dimensions b=2mb=2mb=2 mb=2 \mathrm{~m}b=2mb=2m and h=1mh=1mh=1 mh=1 \mathrm{~m}h=1mh=1m. Use the procedure described in earlier example to determine the moments of inertia of the plate about the xxxxxx and yyyyyy axes. E) about 90 percent in most ecosystems, (B) the percentage of production transferred from one trophic level to the next, For most terrestrial ecosystems, pyramids composed of species abundances, biomass, and energy are similar in that they have a broad base and a narrow top. (b) Plants. A) Top-level predators are destined to have small populations that are sparsely distributed. ATLANTA (WANF) - A Georgia mother is warning other parents after her 10-year-old daughter's school bus driver allegedly entered the family's home without permission. C) 1 percent recycle chemical matter to a form capable of being used by autotrophs. B) increased extinction rates of species in the food chain a. are multicelled b. form flagellated spores c. are heterotrophs d. produce multicellular fruiting bodies, What ecological role is played by cyanobacteria? D) only II, III, and IV The measures of net primary production (NPP) and net ecosystem production (NEP) both can be used to quantify gross primary production (GPP). A) only I and III 65) Which of the following has the greatest effect on the rate of chemical cycling in an ecosystem? B) Populations of top-level predators are generally smaller than populations of primary consumers. I. increases in human population D) glaciers When primary producers expend energy to build new tissue, this is _____. 37) Which of the following is primarily responsible for limiting the number of trophic levels in most ecosystems? Other microbes commonly found on smokers include Archaea, which harvest hydrogen gas and release methane and green sulfur bacteria. D) continent, Which habitat types in the accompanying figure cover the largest area? Fungi are: a) eukaryotes and opisthokonts b) prokaryotes and opisthokonts c) flagellate and dikaryotic d) autotrophic eukaryotes e) heterotrophs with cellulose cell walls, Palm trees, ferns, and algae are examples of: A) decomposers B) top consumers C) photoautotrophs D) chemoautotrophs E) primary consumers, Of Fungi, Metazoa, and Plantae, which two are thought to be more closely related to each other than they are to the third? Therefore, they for the base of any food chain. D. decomposers. Are bacteria heterotrophic or autotrophic? James Kleimann is an award-winning - and losing! How does inefficient transfer of energy among trophic levels result in the typically high endangerment status of many top-level predators? She worked as a producer for the University's television production. The four levels in this food chain are primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers, and finally decomposers or phytoremediators. What is a reasonable explanation for this? Carnivores eat only animals, but omnivores eat . Phytoplankton become important producers in the sea because can transform inorganic carbon in the atmosphere into organic compounds. (B) About 90% of the energy is lost between most trophic levels. Plants are called primary producers because they produce the material and store the energy at the bottom of the food chain. 6) Use the following figure to answer the question. C) atmosphere Decomposer. B) only II and IV 3. She can be found at www.kimberlyyavorski.com. A) only I Which of the following consume other living organisms? What nuclide will be formed when 86222Rn{ }_{86}^{222} \mathrm{Rn}86222Rn emits an alpha particle? Which of the following is primarily responsible for this limitation? Which below is NOT a way mciosis increases genetic diversity? D) Nutrient cycling rates tend to be limited by decomposition. They take nutrients from organic matter left in the soil by decomposers and transform them into food for themselves and other organisms. C) Japan They are called transducers because they change light energy to chemical energy. (a) Archaea (b) Plantae (c) Fungi (d) Protista (e) Animalia. What is the estimated age of this sample? a. IV. a. ; For example, In terrestrial ecosystems, producers are the green plants, phototrophic bacteria, algae etc. Which of the following is not a domain on Earth? a. Animalia b. Bacteria c. Viruses d. Protista e. Fungi, Three groups of organisms in Unit 5 are predominantly unicellular - Bacteria, Archaea, and most Protists. Advertisement Advertisement aless82 aless82 A. multicellular eukaryotes B. protozoans C. eukaryotes that are not plants, fungi, or animals D. single-celled organisms closely related to bacteria E. all of the above, The first terrestrial organisms probably were considered which of the following: A. burrowers B. photosynthetic C. multicellular D. prokaryotes E. eukaryotes F. plants and their associated fungi. A) the increase in the total temperature across the oceans Option (c): Secondary consumers are carnivores which feed on the primary consumers. C) fossilized plant and animal remains (coal, oil, and natural gas) D) 3C Next rank the relative concentration of DDE in each plant/animal using the following scale: 1 = lowest concentration - 10 = highest concentration. Though hydrogen sulfide is toxic to most animals, organisms living at these hydrothermal vents have adapted and instead thrive. producers and decomposers. ____ 31. Primary producers are vital to the survival of an ecosystem. Fungi are primarily (a) producers (b) herbivores (c) carnivores (d) decomposers, Which of the following terms describes all organisms in the kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia? of anatomy and physiology? Which of the following is most correct regarding primary producers? A) only I B) nitrogen lost to the atmosphere E) 60 percent. The producers are fed by these substances. The first level is producers, the second level is primary consumers, the third level is secondary consumers, and the fourth level is tertiary consumers. contains the smallest percentage of global water? 57) The goal of restoration ecology is to ________. To the correct answer, that is. D) species-area curve D) both primary and secondary productivity, After looking at the experiment in the accompanying figure, what can be said about nutrient (A) Toxic chemicals in the environment pose greater risk to top-level predators than to primary consumers. They are both heterotrophic. Q. c. Plants. Which one of the following characteristics is shared by all of its members? C) algal beds and reefs plus the ocean neritic zone $\text{\red{Form a Hypothesis}}$ Suppose you touched the tip of a glass rod to one of the clear areas and then touched it again to the surface of a petri dish with a fresh lawn of E. coli. While some Arctic mosses live under the snow, just above the permafrost, other Arctic plants live underwater. A food chain represents the relationship between predator and prey. However, some Protists, and all Fungi, Plants, and Animals are multicellular. Which of the following do plants and animals have in common? 41) If the flow of energy in an arctic ecosystem goes through a simple food chain, perhaps involving humans, starting from phytoplankton to zooplankton to fish to seals to polar bears, then which of the following could be accurate? 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